RHODAMINE B CAS NO: 81-88-9

Basic Violet 10, commonly known as Rhodamine B, is a synthetic dye belonging to the xanthene class. It appears as dark green crystals or reddish-purple powder but produces a vibrant, fluorescent bluish-red color when dissolved in water.

Applications

Due to its intense coloring power and low cost, Rhodamine B is widely used in:

· Industrial coloring: paper, leather, textiles, and wood stains.

· Scientific research: a fluorescent tracer in cell biology and hydrology.

· Cosmetics: though restricted, it has been used in some lipsticks and nail polishes outside regulated markets.

Health Risks & Regulatory Status

Despite its industrial utility, Rhodamine B is strictly banned in food products. Key concerns include:

· Carcinogenicity: long-term animal studies indicate it may promote tumor growth.

· Toxicity: ingestion can cause gastrointestinal irritation, and its high solubility allows easy contamination.

· Banned status: since 2008, China has listed it among non-edible substances prohibited in food. It is also banned for food use in the European Union and many other countries.

Common Food Fraud Issues

Rhodamine B has been illegally used to enhance the color of:

· Chili powder and chili oil

· Spiced seasonings

· Pickled products

Detection & Handling

· Detection: modern techniques like liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) can detect trace amounts in food.

· If exposed: wash skin immediately with diluted acetic acid (e.g., vinegar) to aid removal.

Conclusion

While Basic Violet 10 remains a valuable industrial and laboratory dye, its toxicity and carcinogenic potential strictly prohibit its use in food. Continued regulatory enforcement and public awareness are essential to prevent its misuse in food fraud.

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