Water - Soluble Sulfur Black (Solubilised Sulphur Black)

Water - soluble sulfur black, also known as solubilised sulfur black (e.g., C.I. Solubilised Sulphur Black 1, CAS: 1326-83-6, C.I. No. 53186), is a modified sulfur black dye derived from traditional sulfur black via sulfitation (reacting with sodium metabisulfite). It has inherent water solubility and eliminates the need for sodium sulfide for dissolution during dyeing.

Basic Properties

- Appearance: Black uniform powder or granules; readily soluble in water (≥160g/L at 25°C for typical BR grade) .

- Core Feature: It is a thiosulfate derivative of C.I. Sulfur Black 1, with stable water - soluble groups; no free sulfur, lower COD in wastewater than conventional sulfur black.

- Color Performance: Deep black shade, good color uniformity and penetration on cellulose fibers .

Synthesis & Advantages

- Synthesis: Prepared by treating the oxidized and washed filter cake of double sulfur black with sodium metabisulfite to introduce water - soluble groups.

- Key Advantages: No sodium sulfide required for dissolving, simplifying process and reducing sulfur - containing wastewater; lower environmental impact, fewer odors (H₂S), and reduced fiber brittleness risk.

Applications

Mainly used for dyeing cotton, linen, viscose, and leather; ideal for pad - dyeing, package dyeing, and stock - dyeing of cotton textiles . Also applicable to paper coloring and polyvinyl alcohol fiber dyeing . It is widely used in denim and black fabric production due to cost - effectiveness and good wash fastness.

Usage & Notes

- Dyeing Process: Dissolve directly in water; use appropriate reducing agents (e.g., sodium sulfite) and fixatives if needed to enhance fastness .

- Precautions: Control pH (weakly alkaline is preferred) and temperature; avoid over - oxidation to prevent color change; ensure thorough post - dyeing washing to reduce residual chemicals and avoid fiber damage .

- Safety: Comply with standards for harmful aromatic amines and heavy metals; proper ventilation during operation to avoid dust inhalation.

Comparison with Traditional Sulfur Black

Aspect Water - soluble Sulfur Black Traditional Sulfur Black

Solubility Directly soluble in water Insoluble in water; needs sodium sulfide

Wastewater Lower COD, less sulfur - containing Higher COD, more sulfur - containing wastewater

Operation Simple, no sulfide dissolving step Complex, requires sulfide handling

Cost Slightly higher Lower

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