Sulfur Yellow Brown 5G C.I. 53055, C.I. Sulfur Brown 10

Sulfur Yellow Brown 5G (C.I. 53055, C.I. Sulfur Brown 10) is a classic sulfur dye widely used in textile applications. It is also known commercially as Sulfur Red Brown GDR, Sulfur Yellow Brown 3GR, or Sulfur Yellow Brown 5GD .

Chemical and Physical Properties

This dye appears as a reddish-brown powder. It is insoluble in water but soluble in sodium sulfide (Na₂S) solution, producing a brown color. When dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid, it turns orange-brown with sulfur dioxide evolution, and dilution leads to precipitation. The dye is produced by sulfurizing 2,4-diaminotoluene (or 2,4-dinitrotoluene) with sulfur, followed by desulfurization, neutralization, and pulverization .

Quality Specifications (per HG/T 3598-2009)

· Appearance: Reddish-brown uniform powder

· Dyeing strength: 100 ± 3 (relative to standard)

· Insoluble impurities: ≤ 0.5%

· Solubility at 90°C: ≥ 60 g/L

· Moisture content: ≤ 7.0%

· Fineness (residue on 250μm sieve): ≤ 5.0%

Color Fastness Properties

At 8% dyeing depth (1/1 standard depth), the dye exhibits:

· Lightfastness (xenon arc): Grade 4

· Washing (95°C): Color change 3, cotton staining 3-4, wool staining 4

· Water: Color change 4-5, cotton staining 3-4, wool staining 4-5

· Perspiration (acid/alkaline): Color change 4-5, staining 3-4

· Rubbing: Dry 3-4, wet 2-3

· Hot pressing (200°C): Color change 3-4

Applications

Sulfur Yellow Brown 5G is primarily used for dyeing cellulose fibers including cotton, linen, viscose, and vinylon/cotton blends. It is also applied in leather and paper coloring . In industrial applications, it can be used for embroidery thread dyeing combined with oxidation agents like potassium permanganate to create vintage "worn-out" effects on garments and accessories .

Standards and Packaging

The product is regulated under Chinese standards HG/T 3598-2009 (for regular sulfur dye) and HG/T 3909-2006 (for water-soluble version, C.I. Solubilized Sulfur Brown 10) . Typical packaging is 25 kg net weight per bag or drum, lined with plastic bags inside woven bags. Storage should be in cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouses, protected from fire, sunlight, and rain .

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